Reading Materials
For health professionals
Publications in peer reviewed journals
If you have an article to recommend adding to this page, please contact us
1- Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: Reviews
2- Diagnosis and diagnostic issues in Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES)
3- Seizure semiology and other objective phenomena
4- PNES Risk factors
5- Neuroanatomical/Neuroimaging studies of PNES
6- Psychological factors: Adult
7- Psychological factors: Pediatric
8- Communication of the diagnosis
9- Special populations and Intra/Intergroup differences in Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES)
10- Prevalence of PNES
11- Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES): Treatment
12- Management of PNES and Professional education
13- Functional neurological disorders (including PNES)
14- International Studies
1- Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: Reviews
- The Inpatient Assessment and Management of Motor Functional Neurological Disorders: An Interdisciplinary Perspective.
McKee K, Glass S, Adams C, Stephen CD, King F, Parlman K, Perez DL, Kontos N. Psychosomatics. 2018 Jul – Aug;59(4):358-368 - Health care practitioners’ perceptions of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative studies.
Rawlings GH, Reuber M. Epilepsia. 2018 May 11. doi: 10.1111/epi.14189. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 29750340 - Understanding psychogenic nonepileptic seizures-Phenomenology, semiology and the Integrative Cognitive Model.
Reuber M, Brown RJ. Seizure. 2017 Jan;44:199-205. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2016.10.029. Epub 2016 Nov 15. Review. PMID: 27988107 - Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures.
Chen DK, Sharma E, LaFrance WC Jr.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2017 Sep;17(9):71. doi: 10.1007/s11910-017-0781-7. Review. PMID: 28770498 - Pediatric psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A concise review.
Doss, J. & Plioplys, S. (2017) Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinics, 27:53-63. - Neuroimaging studies in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: A systematic meta-review.
Mcsweeney M, Reuber M, Levita L. Neuroimage Clin. 2017 Jul 27;16:210-221. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.07.025. eCollection 2017. Review. PMID: 28808618 - Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.
Doss RC, LaFrance WC Jr. Epileptic Disord. 2016 Dec 1;18(4):337-343. doi: 10.1684/epd.2016.0873. Review. PMID: 27818368 - Nonepileptic seizures: an updated review.
Perez DL, LaFrance WC Jr. CNS Spectr. 2016 Jun;21(3):239-46. doi: 10.1017/S109285291600002X. Epub 2016 Mar 21. Review. PMID: 26996600 - Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizures: An Updated Primer.
Baslet G, Seshadri A, Bermeo-Ovalle A, Willment K, Myers L.
Psychosomatics. 2016 Jan-Feb;57(1):1-17. doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2015.10.004. Epub 2015 Oct 22. Review. PMID: 26791511 - Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonepileptic Seizures.
Chen DK, LaFrance WC Jr. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2016 Feb;22(1 Epilepsy):116-31. doi:
10.1212/CON.0000000000000282. Review. PMID: 26844733 - Nonepileptic seizures – subjective phenomena.
Reuber M, Rawlings GH. Handb Clin Neurol. 2016;139:283-296. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-801772-2.00025-4. Review. PMID: 27719848 - Treatment of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: updated review and findings from a mindfulness-based intervention case series.
Baslet G, Dworetzky B, Perez DL, Oser M.
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2015 Jan;46(1):54-64. doi: 10.1177/1550059414557025. Epub 2014 Dec 2. Review. PMID: 25465435 - Comments on Reuber et al. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: review and update. Epilepsy & behavior 2003;4:205-216.
LaFrance WC Jr, Ranieri R. Epilepsy Behav. 2014 Nov;40:13-5. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.09.059. Epub 2014 Oct 29. No abstract available. PMID: 25450531 - ‘Hysteria’ today and tomorrow.
LaFrance WC Jr. Front Neurol Neurosci. 2014;35:198-204. doi: 10.1159/000360064. Epub 2014 Jun 26. Review. PMID: 25273501 - Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (pseudoseizures).
Patel H, Dunn DW, Austin JK, Doss JL, LaFrance WC Jr, Plioplys S, Caplan R.
Pediatr Rev. 2011 Jun;32(6):e66-72. doi: 10.1542/pir.32-6-e66. Review. No abstract available. PMID: 21632872 - Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Brown RJ, Syed TU, Benbadis S, LaFrance WC Jr, Reuber M. Epilepsy Behav. 2011 Sep;22(1):85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.02.016. Epub 2011 Mar 29. Review. PMID: 21450534 - Psychogenic nonepileptic “seizures” or “attacks”? It’s not just semantics: seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr. Neurology. 2010 Jul 6;75(1):87-8. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181e62181. Review. No abstract available. PMID: 20603488 - Psychogenic nonepileptic “seizures” or “attacks”? It’s not just semantics: attacks.
Benbadis SR. Neurology. 2010 Jul 6;75(1):84-6. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181e6216f. Review. PMID: 20603487 - Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: answers and questions.
Reuber M.
Epilepsy Behav. 2008 May;12(4):622-35. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2007.11.006. Epub 2007 Dec 27. Review.
PMID:18164250 - Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr. Curr Opin Neurol. 2008 Apr;21(2):195-201. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e3282f7008f. Review. PMID:18317280 - Psychological interventions for psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: A meta-analysis
Perri Carlson, Kathryn Nicholson Perry
2- Diagnosis and diagnostic issues in Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES)
- Dissociative (non-epileptic) seizures: tackling common challenges after the diagnosis.
Reuber M. Pract Neurol. 2019 Mar 16 - Are psychogenic non-epileptic seizures just another symptom of conversion disorder?
Kanaan RAA, Duncan R, Goldstein LH, Jankovic J, Cavanna AE. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017 May;88(5):425-429. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-315639. Epub 2017 Feb 24.
PMID: 28235779 - Panic symptoms in transient loss of consciousness: Frequency and diagnostic value in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures, epilepsy and syncope.
Rawlings GH, Jamnadas-Khoda J, Broadhurst M, Grünewald RA, Howell SJ, Koepp M, Parry SW, Sisodiya SM, Walker MC, Reuber M. Seizure. 2017 May;48:22-27. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.03.015. Epub 2017 Mar 27. PMID: 28371670 - Neurologists can identify diagnostic linguistic features during routine seizure clinic interactions: results of a one-day teaching intervention.
Jenkins L, Cosgrove J, Chappell P, Kheder A, Sokhi D, Reuber M. Epilepsy Behav. 2016 Nov;64(Pt A):257-261. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.08.008. Epub 2016 Oct 22. PMID: 27776298 - Improving first responders’ psychogenic nonepileptic seizures diagnosis accuracy: Development and validation of a 6-item bedside diagnostic tool.
De Paola L, Terra VC, Silvado CE, Teive HA, Palmini A, Valente KD, Olandoski M, LaFrance WC Jr. Epilepsy Behav. 2016 Jan;54:40-6. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.10.025. Epub 2015 Nov 29. PMID: 26645799 - Diagnosis, costs and utilization for non-epileptic seizures in a US healthcare setting.
Ahmedani, B, Osborne, J, Nerenz, D, Haque, S, Pietrontoni, L, Mahone, D & Smith, B.
Psychosomatics: 2013: 54: 28-34. - Validating a natural language processing tool to exclude psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in electronic medical record-based epilepsy research.
Hamid H, Fodeh SJ, Lizama AG, Czlapinski R, Pugh MJ, LaFrance WC Jr, Brandt CA.
Epilepsy Behav. 2013 Dec;29(3):578-80. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.09.025. Epub 2013 Oct 14. PMID: 24135384 - Teaching Video NeuroImages: complex partial seizure evolving into a psychogenic nonepileptic seizure.
Benbadis SR. Neurology. 2011 May 10;76(19):1681; author reply 1681. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182199fe5. No abstract available. PMID: 21555740 - Decreased serum BDNF levels in patients with epileptic and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Leaver K, Stopa EG, Papandonatos GD, Blum AS.
Neurology. 2010 Oct 5;75(14):1285-91. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181f612bb. Erratum in: Neurology. 2011 Mar 8;76(10):935. PMID: 20921514 - Provocative techniques should be used for the diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Benbadis SR. Epilepsy Behav. 2009 Jun;15(2):106-9; discussion 115-8. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.02.002. Epub 2009 Feb 10. Review. PMID: 19435570 - Use of serum prolactin in diagnosing epileptic seizures: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology.
LaFrance WC Jr. Neurology. 2006 Apr 25;66(8):1287-8; author reply 1287-8. No abstract available. PMID: 16636265 - How many patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures also have epilepsy?
Benbadis SR, Agrawal V, Tatum WO 4th. Neurology. 2001 Sep 11;57(5):915-7. PMID:11552032 - Preictal pseudosleep: a new finding in psychogenic seizures.
Benbadis SR, Lancman ME, King LM, Swanson SJ. Neurology. 1996 Jul;47(1):63-7. PMID: 8710126 - Evidence-Based Practice for the Clinical Assessment of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures: A Report From the American Neuropsychiatric Association Committee on Research
Baslet G, Bajestan SN, Aybek S, et al.
3- Seizure semiology and other objective phenomena
- Identifying seizure clusters in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Baird GL, Harlow LL, Machan JT, Thomas D, LaFrance WC Jr.
Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Aug;73:142-147. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.04.040. Epub 2017 Jul 18. PMID: 28641165 - Multicenter clinical assessment of improved wearable multimodal convulsive seizure detectors.
Onorati F, Regalia G, Caborni C, Migliorini M, Bender D, Poh MZ, Frazier C, Kovitch Thropp E, Mynatt ED, Bidwell J, Mai R, LaFrance WC Jr, Blum AS, Friedman D, Loddenkemper T, Mohammadpour-Touserkani F, Reinsberger C, Tognetti S, Picard RW.
Epilepsia. 2017 Nov;58(11):1870-1879. doi: 10.1111/epi.13899. Epub 2017 Oct 4. PMID: 28980315 - Altered responsiveness in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and its implication to underlying psychopathology.
Baslet G, Tolchin B, Dworetzky BA.
Seizure. 2017 Nov;52:162-168. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.10.011. Epub 2017 Oct 13. PMID: 29049948 - Nonepileptic seizures – objective phenomena.
LaFrance WC Jr, Ranieri R, Blum AS. Handb Clin Neurol. 2016;139:297-304. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-801772-2.00026-6. Review. PMID: 27719849 - Autonomic changes in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: toward a potential diagnostic biomarker?
Reinsberger C, Sarkis R, Papadelis C, Doshi C, Perez DL, Baslet G, Loddenkemper T, Dworetzky BA.
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2015 Jan;46(1):16-25. doi: 10.1177/1550059414567739. Review. PMID: 25780264 - Comparison of common data elements from the Managing Epilepsy Well (MEW) Network integrated database and a well-characterized sample with nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Ranieri R, Bamps Y, Stoll S, Sahoo SS, Welter E, Sams J, Tatsuoka C, Sajatovic M. Epilepsy Behav. 2015 Apr;45:136-41. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.02.021. Epub 2015 Mar 29. PMID: 25825372 - In response to comments on Parietal seizures mimicking psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Duncan R, Reuber M, Goldstein LH, Baker GA. Epilepsia. 2014 Jan;55(1):197-8. doi: 10.1111/epi.12485. No abstract available. PMID: 24446960 - Nonepileptic behavioral disorders: diagnosis and treatment.
Benbadis SR. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2013 Jun;19(3 Epilepsy):715-29. doi: 10.1212/01.CON.0000431399.69594.de. Review. PMID: 23739106 - Neuropsychiatric disorders: does semiology of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures matter?
LaFrance WC Jr, Plioplys S. Nat Rev Neurol. 2012 May 1;8(6):302-3. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2012.79. No abstract available. PMID: 22546703 - Pre- and postictal, not ictal, heart rate distinguishes complex partial and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Reinsberger C, Perez DL, Murphy MM, Dworetzky BA.
Epilepsy Behav. 2012 Jan;23(1):68-70. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.10.008. Epub 2011 Nov 18. PMID:22100065 - Can semiology predict psychogenic nonepileptic seizures? A prospective study.
Syed TU, LaFrance WC Jr, Kahriman ES, Hasan SN, Rajasekaran V, Gulati D, Borad S, Shahid A, Fernandez-Baca G, Garcia N, Pawlowski M, Loddenkemper T, Amina S, Koubeissi MZ. Ann Neurol. 2011 Jun;69(6):997-1004. doi: 10.1002/ana.22345. Epub 2011 Mar 17. PMID: 21437930 - Differentiating between nonepileptic and epileptic seizures.
Devinsky O, Gazzola D, LaFrance WC Jr. Nat Rev Neurol. 2011 Apr;7(4):210-20. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.24. Epub 2011 Mar 8. Review. PMID: 21386814 - Differentiating frontal lobe epilepsy from psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Benbadis SR. Neurol Clin. 2011 Feb;29(1):149-62, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2010.10.005. PMID: 21172576 - Nonepileptic psychogenic status: markedly prolonged psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Dworetzky BA, Bubrick EJ, Szaflarski JP; Nonepileptic Seizure Task Force.
Epilepsy Behav. 2010 Sep;19(1):65-8. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.06.052. Epub 2010 Aug 17. PMID: 20724221 - Interrater reliability of EEG-video monitoring.
Benbadis SR, LaFrance WC Jr, Papandonatos GD, Korabathina K, Lin K, Kraemer HC; NES Treatment Workshop. Neurology. 2009 Sep 15;73(11):843-6. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181b78425. PMID: 19752450 - Psychogenic unresponsiveness and nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Gates JR, Trimble
MR. Handb Clin Neurol. 2008;90:317-28. doi: 10.1016/S0072-9752(07)01718-6. No abstract available. PMID: 18631831 - Hypergraphia and the diagnosis of psychogenic attacks.
Benbadis SR. Neurology. 2006 Sep 12;67(5):904. No abstract available. PMID: 16966566 - The EEG in nonepileptic seizures.
Benbadis SR. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Aug;23(4):340-52. Review. PMID: 16885708 - Psychogenic pseudosyncope: an underestimated and provable diagnosis.
Benbadis SR, Chichkova R. Epilepsy Behav. 2006 Aug;9(1):106-10. Epub 2006 May 11. PMID: 16697264 - Short-term outpatient EEG video with induction in the diagnosis of psychogenic seizures.
Benbadis SR, Siegrist K, Tatum WO, Heriaud L, Anthony K. Neurology. 2004 Nov 9;63(9):1728-30. PMID: 15534269 - Induction of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures without placebo.
Benbadis SR, Johnson K, Anthony K, Caines G, Hess G, Jackson C, Vale FL, Tatum WO 4th. Neurology. 2000 Dec 26;55(12):1904-5. PMID: 11134393
4- PNES Risk factors
- Which patients with epilepsy are at risk for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES)? A multicenter case-control study.
Wissel BD, Dwivedi AK, Gaston TE, Rodriguez-Porcel FJ, Aljaafari D, Hopp JL, Krumholz A, van der Salm SMA, Andrade DM, Borlot F, Moseley BD, Cavitt JL, Williams S, Stone J, LaFrance WC Jr, Szaflarski JP, Espay AJ. Epilepsy Behav. 2016 Aug;61:180-184. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.05.032. Epub 2016 Jun 27. PMID: 27362440 - A multisite controlled study of risk factors in pediatric psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Plioplys S, Doss J, Siddarth P, Bursch B, Falcone T, Forgey M, Hinman K, LaFrance WC Jr, Laptook R, Shaw RJ, Weisbrot DM, Willis MD, Caplan R. Epilepsia. 2014 Nov;55(11):1739-47. doi: 10.1111/epi.12773. Epub 2014 Sep 19. PMID: 25244006 - Traumatic brain injury and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures yield worse outcomes.
LaFrance WC Jr, Deluca M, Machan JT, Fava JL. Epilepsia. 2013 Apr;54(4):718-25. doi: 10.1111/epi.12053. Epub 2013 Jan 2. PMID: 23281644 - MRI evidence of mesial temporal sclerosis in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Benbadis SR, Tatum WO 4th, Murtagh FR, Vale FL. Neurology. 2000 Oct 10;55(7):1061-2. No abstract available. PMID: 11061274 - Depression and epilepsy, pain and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: clinical and therapeutic perspectives.
Kanner AM, Schachter SC, Barry JJ, Hesdorffer DC, Mula M, Trimble M, Hermann B, Ettinger AE, Dunn D, Caplan R, Ryvlin P, Gilliam F, LaFrance WC Jr.
Epilepsy Behav. 2012 Jun;24(2):169-81. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.01.008. - Pediatric psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a study of assessment tools.
Salpekar JA, Plioplys S, Siddarth P, Bursch B, Shaw RJ, Asato MR, LaFrance WC Jr, Weisbrot DM, Dunn DW, Austin JK, Olson DM, Caplan R. Epilepsy Behav. 2010 Jan;17(1):50-5. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.10.002. Epub 2009 Nov 30. PMID: 19948427 - Do bus accidents cause nonepileptic seizures?: complex issues of medicolegal causation.
LaFrance WC Jr, Self JA. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2008;36(2):227-33. PMID: 18583700 - A spell in the epilepsy clinic and a history of “chronic pain” or “fibromyalgia” independently predict a diagnosis of psychogenic seizures. Benbadis SR. Epilepsy Behav. 2005 Mar;6(2):264-5. PMID: 15710315
- Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a critical review.
Fiszman A, Alves-Leon SV, Nunes RG, D’Andrea I, Figueira I.
Epilepsy Behav. 2004 Dec;5(6):818-25. Review. PMID: 15582828
5- Neuroanatomical/Neuroimaging studies of PNES
- Corticolimbic fast-tracking: enhanced multimodal integration in functional neurological disorder.
Diez I, Ortiz-Terán L, Williams B, Jalilianhasanpour R, Ospina JP, Dickerson BC, Keshavan MS, LaFrance WC Jr, Sepulcre J, Perez DL.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2019 Mar 8. pii: jnnp-2018-3196 - Cortical thickness and gyrification patterns in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.
Mcsweeney M, Reuber M, Hoggard N, Levita L. Neurosci Lett. 2018 May 12. pii: S0304-3940(18)30317-3. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.04.056. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 29763635 - Neuroimaging studies in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: A systematic meta-review.
Mcsweeney M, Reuber M, Levita L.
Neuroimage Clin. 2017 Jul 27;16:210-221 - Altered regional activity and inter-regional functional connectivity in psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.
Li R, Li Y, An D, Gong Q, Zhou D, Chen H.
Sci Rep. 2015 Jun 25;5:11635 - An integrative neurocircuit perspective on psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and functional movement disorders: neural functional unawareness.
Perez DL, Dworetzky BA, Dickerson BC, Leung L, Cohn R, Baslet G, Silbersweig DA.
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2015 Jan;46(1):4-15 - Resting cortical PET metabolic changes in psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES).
Arthuis M, Micoulaud-Franchi JA, Bartolomei F, McGonigal A, Guedj E.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2015 Oct;86(10):1106-12 - Neuroanatomic correlates of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a cortical thickness and VBM study.
Labate A, Cerasa A, Mula M, Mumoli L, Gioia MC, Aguglia U, Quattrone A, Gambardella A.
Epilepsia. 2012 Feb;53(2):377-85 - Functional connectivity of dissociation in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.
van der Kruijs SJ, Bodde NM, Vaessen MJ, Lazeron RH, Vonck K, Boon P, Hofman PA, Backes WH, Aldenkamp AP, Jansen JF.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012 Mar;83(3):239-47
6- Psychological factors: Adult
- Health related quality of life of people with non-epileptic seizures: The role of socio-demographic characteristics and stigma.
Robson C, Myers L, Pretorius C, Lian OS, Reuber M. Seizure. 2018 Feb;55:93-99. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.01.001. Epub 2018 Jan 12. PMID: 29414141 - Post-traumatic stress and relationships to coping and alexithymia in patients with psychogenicnon-epileptic seizures.
Zeng R, Myers L, Lancman M.
Seizure. 2018 Apr;57:70-75. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.03.011. Epub 2018 Mar 10.
PMID:29573595 - Written Accounts of Living With Epilepsy or Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures: A Thematic Comparison.
Rawlings GH, Brown I, Stone B, Reuber M. Qual Health Res. 2018 May;28(6):950-962. doi: 10.1177/1049732317748897. Epub 2018 Jan 1. PMID: 29291685 - Written accounts of living with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A thematic analysis.
Rawlings GH, Brown I, Stone B, Reuber M. Seizure. 2017 Aug;50:83-91. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.06.006. Epub 2017 Jun 15. PMID: 28633044 - Attachment style, relationship quality, and psychological distress in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures versus epilepsy.
Green B, Norman P, Reuber M. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Jan;66:120-126. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.10.015. Epub 2016 Dec 28. PMID: 28039840 - Deconstructing stigma in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: An exploratory study.
Rawlings GH, Brown I, Reuber M. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Sep;74:167-172. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.06.014. Epub 2017 Jul 19. PMID: 28734750 - Diurnal patterns and relationships between physiological and self-reported stress in patients with epilepsy and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.
Novakova B, Harris PR, Reuber M. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 May;70(Pt A):204-211. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.03.006. Epub 2017 Apr 19. PMID: 28432961 - Predictors of health-related quality of life in patients with epilepsy and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Rawlings GH, Brown I, Reuber M. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Mar;68:153-158. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.10.035. Epub 2017 Feb 9. PMID: 28189920 - Cognitive differences between patients who have psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and patients who have PNESs without PTSD.
Myers L, Zeng R, Perrine K, Lancman M, Lancman M.
Epilepsy Behav. 2014 Aug;37:82-6. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.06.009. Epub 2014 Jul 7. PMID: 25010320 - Stress coping strategies in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures and how they relate to trauma symptoms, alexithymia, anger and mood.
Myers L, Fleming M, Lancman M, Perrine K, Lancman M.
Seizure. 2013 Oct;22(8):634-9. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2013.04.018. Epub 2013 May 18. PMID: 23689067 - Psychological trauma in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: trauma characteristics and those who develop PTSD.
Myers L, Perrine K, Lancman M, Fleming M, Lancman M.
Epilepsy Behav. 2013 Jul;28(1):121-6. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.03.033. Epub 2013 May 23. PMID: 23708490 - Prevalence of alexithymia in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures and epileptic seizures and predictors in psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.
Myers L, Matzner B, Lancman M, Perrine K, Lancman M.
Epilepsy Behav. 2013 Feb;26(2):153-7. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.11.054. Epub 2013 Jan 9. PMID: 23314302 - Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: predisposing factors to diminished quality of life.
Myers L, Lancman M, Laban-Grant O, Matzner B, Lancman M.
Epilepsy Behav. 2012 Nov;25(3):358-62. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.08.024. Epub 2012 Oct 24. PMID: 23103310 - Comparison of personality characteristics on the bear-fedio inventory between patients with epilepsy and those with non-epileptic seizures.
Tremont G, Smith MM, Bauer L, Alosco ML, Davis JD, Blum AS, LaFrance WC Jr. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2012 Winter;24(1):47-52. doi: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.11020039. PMID: 22450613 - Impact of family functioning on quality of life in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures versus epilepsy.
LaFrance WC Jr, Alosco ML, Davis JD, Tremont G, Ryan CE, Keitner GI, Miller IW, Blum AS. Epilepsia. 2011 Feb;52(2):292-300. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02765.x. Epub 2011 Feb 7. PMID: 21299547 - Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: A model of their pathogenic mechanism.
Baslet, G. Seizure. 2011: 1-13. - Depression and symptoms affect quality of life in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Syc S. Neurology. 2009 Aug 4;73(5):366-71. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181b04c83. PMID: 19652140 - Cognitive-emotion processing in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures>
Rachael Rosales, Barbara Dworetzky, Gaston Baslet - Shame in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizure: A narrative review
M Reuber , Nicole A Roberts , Liat Levita , Cordelia Gray , Lorna Myers - Interoception and stress in patients with Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder
Isobel A Williams, Markus Reuber, Liat Levita - A comparison of patients with epileptic seizures (ES) versus those with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) on a measure of alexithymia and mood.
R Trobliger, L Myers, T Simpson, L Kramska (2024)
7- Psychological factors: Pediatric
- Risk factors for learning problems in youth with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.
Doss J, Caplan R, Siddarth P, Bursch B, Falcone T, Forgey M, Hinman K, LaFrance WC Jr, Laptook R, Shaw R, Weisbrot D, Willis M, & Plioplys S. (2017). Epilepsy and Behavior, 70: 135-139. - Risk factors for diagnostic delay in psychogenic non-epileptic seizures among children and adolescents.
Valente, K, Alessi, R, Vincentiis, S, dos Santos, B, & Rzezak, P. (2017). Neurology. 2017: 67: 71-77. - Risk factors for comorbid psychopathology in youth with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Plioplys S, Doss J, Siddarth P, Bursch B, Falcone T, Forgey M, Hinman K, LaFrance WC Jr, Laptook R, Shaw RJ, Weisbrot DM, Willis MD, Caplan R. Seizure. 2016 May;38:32-7. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2016.03.012. Epub 2016 Apr 2. PMID: 27085102 - Psychogenic nonepilepic seizures in children: Psychological presentation, treatment and short-term outcomes.
Sawchuck, T, & Buchhalter, J. Epilepsy and Behavior. 2015: 52: 49-56. - Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures: Children Are Not Miniature Adults.
Dworetzky BA.
Epilepsy Curr. 2015 Jul-Aug;15(4):174-6. doi: 10.5698/1535-7511-15.4.174. No abstract available. PMID: 26316859 - Pediatric psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A study of assessment tools.
Salpekar JA, Plioplys S, Siddarth P, Bursch B, Shaw RJ, Asato MR, LaFrance Jr WC, Weisbrot DM, Dunn DW, Austin JK, Olson DM and Caplan R. Epilepsy and Behavior. 2010: 17: 50-55 - Non-epileptic seizures in children.
Patel H, Scott E, Dunn D et al.. Epilepsia. 2007;48:2086-2092. - Multidisciplinary management of pediatric nonepileptic seizures.
Plioplys, S, Asato M, Bursch, B, Salpekar, J, Shaw, R, & Caplan, R.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2007: 46:1491-1495. - Risk factors for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in children and adolescents with epilepsy.
Vincentiis S, Valente KD, Thomé-Souza S et al. Epilepsy and Behavior. 2006; 8:294-298. - Outcome of pseudoseizures in children and adolescents: a 6 year symptom survival analysis.
Gudmundsson, O, Prendergast, M, Foreman, D, Foreman, D, & Cowley, S. (2001).Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. 2001: 43: 547-551 - Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in children and adolescents: Part I — Diagnostic formulations
Kasia Kozlowska, Catherine Chudleigh,Catherine Cruz,Melissa Lim,Georgia McClure,Blanche Savage,Ubaid Shah,Averil Cook,Stephen Scher,Pascal Carrive,and Deepak Gill - Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in children and adolescents: Part II — explanations to families, treatment, and group outcomes
Kasia Kozlowska,Catherine Chudleigh,Catherine Cruz,Melissa Lim,Georgia McClure,Blanche Savage,Ubaid Shah,Averil Cook,Stephen Scher,Pascal Carrive,and Deepak Gill - The respiratory control of carbon dioxide in children and adolescents referred for treatment of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
Kasia Kozlowska, Reena Rampersad, Catherine Cruz, Ubaid Shah, Catherine Chudleigh, Samantha Soe, Deepak Gill, Stephen Scher, Pascal Carrive– - Fear and the Defense Cascade: Clinical Implications and Management
Kasia Kozlowska, MBBS, FRANZCP, PhD, Peter Walker, BSc Psych, MPsychol, Loyola McLean, MBBS, FRANZCP, PhD, and Pascal Carrive, PhD
8- Communication of the diagnosis
- The approach to patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in epilepsy surgery centers regarding diagnosis, treatment, and education.
Valente KD, De Paola L, Palmini A, Faveret E, de Araujo-Filho GM, van der Linden H, Bianchin MM, Walz R, Alessi R, Velasco T, Teixeira WA, LaFrance WC Jr. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Mar;68:78-83. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.12.013. Epub 2017 Jan 26. PMID: 28131930 - Communicating diagnostic certainty of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures – a national study of provider documentation.
Altalib HH, Elzamzamy K, Pugh MJ, Gonzalez JB, Cheung KH, Fenton BT, Kerns RD, Brandt CA, LaFrance WC Jr. Epilepsy Behav. 2016 Nov;64(Pt A):4-8. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.08.032. Epub 2016 Oct 7. PMID: 27723497 - What Are We Communicating When We Present the Diagnosis of PNES?
Dworetzky BA.
Epilepsy Curr. 2015 Nov-Dec;15(6):353-7. doi: 10.5698/1535-7511-15.6.353. No abstract available. PMID: 26633963 - Short-term outcome of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures after communication of the diagnosis.
Mayor R, Brown RJ, Cock H, House A, Howlett S, Singhal S, Smith P, Reuber M.
Epilepsy Behav. 2012 Dec;25(4):676-81. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.09.033. Epub 2012 Nov 15. PMID: 23168089 - Acceptability and effectiveness of a strategy for the communication of the diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Hall-Patch L, Brown R, House A, Howlett S, Kemp S, Lawton G, Mayor R, Smith P, Reuber M; NEST collaborators.
Epilepsia. 2010 Jan;51(1):70-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02099.x. Epub 2009 Apr 27. PMID:19453708
9- Special populations and Intra/Intergroup differences in Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES)
- Psychological trauma, somatization, dissociation, and psychiatric comorbidities in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures compared with those in patients with intractable partial epilepsy.
Myers L, Trobliger R, Bortnik K, Zeng R, Saal E, Lancman M.
Epilepsy Behav. 2019 Jan 14;92:108-113. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.12.027. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 30654229 - Sleep disturbances in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: Is it all subjective? A prospective pilot study of sleep-wake patterns.
Latreille V, Dworetzky BA, Baslet G, Pavlova M.
Seizure. 2019 Feb;65:124-128. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2019.01.016. Epub 2019 Jan 17. PMID: 30685518 - Are there gender differences in those diagnosed with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures?
Myers L, Trobliger R, Bortnik K, Lancman M. Epilepsy Behav. 2018 Jan;78:161-165. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.10.019. Epub 2017 Nov 26. PMID: 29183659 - Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures in Women.
Dworetzky BA, Baslet G. Semin Neurol. 2017 Dec;37(6):624-631. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1607971. Epub 2017 Dec 21. Review. PMID: 29270935 - Sleep in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and related disorders.
Pavlova MK, Allen RM, Dworetzky BA. Clin EEG Neurosci. 2015 Jan;46(1):34-41. doi: 10.1177/1550059414560565. Epub 2014 Dec 21. Review. PMID: 25534169 - Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in US veterans.
Benbadis S. Neurology. 2012 Jan 17;78(3):225. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000410957.06758.43. No abstract available. PMID: 22249500 - Late-onset psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Behrouz R, Heriaud L, Benbadis SR.
Epilepsy Behav. 2006 May;8(3):649-50. Epub 2006 Mar 13. PMID: 16531122 - Socialization characteristics in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES).
Vaidya-Mathur U, Myers L, Laban-Grant O, Lancman M, Lancman M, Jones J.
Epilepsy Behav. 2016 Mar;56:59-65. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.12.032. Epub 2016 Feb 2. PMID: 26844647 - Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) on the Internet: Online representation of the disorder and frequency of search terms.
Myers L, Jones J, Boesten N, Lancman M.
Seizure. 2016 Aug;40:114-22. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2016.06.018. Epub 2016 Jun 30.
PMID: 27394057 - Patients with late onset psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES): How do they compare to those with younger onset?
Lorna Myers, Robert Trobliger, Marcelo Lancman - What do we know about non-epileptic seizures in adults with intellectual disability: A narrative review
Gregg H Rawlings, Barbora Novakova, Nigel Beail, Markus Reuber
10- Prevalence of PNES
- The frequency and management of seizures during psychological treatment among patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and epilepsy.
Kemp S, Graham CD, Chan R, Kitchingman H, Vickerman K, Reuber M. Epilepsia. 2018 Apr;59(4):844-853. doi: 10.1111/epi.14040. Epub 2018 Mar 25. PMID: 29574898 - How many patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures also have epilepsy?
LaFrance WC. Neurology. 2002 Mar 26;58(6):990; author reply 990-1. No abstract available. PMID: 11914432 - How many patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures also have epilepsy?
Benbadis SR, Agrawal V, Tatum WO 4th. Neurology. 2001 Sep 11;57(5):915-7. PMID: 11552032 - An estimate of the prevalence of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.
Benbadis SR, Allen Hauser W. Seizure. 2000 Jun;9(4):280-1. PMID: 10880289
11- Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES): Treatment
- Mindfulness-based therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures
Baslet, Ehlert, Oser, Dworetzky - Cognitive behavioural therapy for adults with dissociative seizures (CODES): a pragmatic, multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Prof Laura H Goldstein, Emily J Robinson, John D C Mellers, MRCPsych, Prof Jon Stone, Prof Alan Carson, Prof Markus Reuber - Mindfulness-based therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures
Gaston Baslet, Alexa Ehlert, Megan Oser, Barbara A Dworetzky - The CODES trial for dissociative seizures: a landmark study and inflection point
David L. Perez - Cognitive behavioural therapy for adults with dissociative seizures (CODES): a pragmatic, multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Prof Laura H Goldstein, Emily J Robinson, John D C Mellers, Prof Jon Stone, Prof Alan Carson, Prof Markus Reuber, Nick Medford, Prof Paul McCrone, Joanna Murray, Prof Mark P Richardson, Izabela Pilecka, Carole Eastwood, Prof Michele Moore, Iris Mosweu, Iain Perdue, Prof Sabine Landau, Prof Trudie Chalder. - Adherence with psychotherapy and treatment outcomes for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Tolchin B, Dworetzky BA, Martino S, Blumenfeld H, Hirsch LJ, Baslet G.
Neurology. 2019 Feb 12;92(7):e675-e679. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000006848. Epub 2019 Jan 4. PMID: 30610097 - Long-term adherence with psychiatric treatment among patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Tolchin B, Dworetzky BA, Baslet G. Epilepsia. 2018 Jan;59(1):e18-e22. doi: 10.1111/epi.13969. Epub 2017 Dec 7.
PMID:29218816 - Cluster reduction in patients in a pilot treatment trial for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Baird GL, Harlow LL, Machan JT, LaFrance WC Jr. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Aug;73:273-279. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.04.015. Epub 2017 Jun 16. PMID:28624511 - An analysis of quality of life (QOL) in patients with epilepsy and comorbid psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) after vagus nerve stimulation (VNS).
Vivas AC, Reitano CJ, Waseem H, Benbadis SR, Vale FL. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Aug;73:208-213. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.05.035. Epub 2017 Jun 23. PMID: 28651170 - Cognitive behavioural therapy versus standardised medical care for adults with Dissociative non-Epileptic Seizures (CODES): statistical and economic analysis plan for a randomised controlled trial.
Robinson EJ, Goldstein LH, McCrone P, Perdue I, Chalder T, Mellers JDC, Richardson MP, Murray J, Reuber M, Medford N, Stone J, Carson A, Landau S.
Trials. 2017 Jun 6;18(1):258. doi: 10.1186/s13063-017-2006-4. PMID: 28587649 - Report: Prolonged Exposure Therapy for comorbid psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Myers L & Zandberg L (2017). Case Clinical Case Studies. - Prolonged exposure therapy for the treatment of patients diagnosed with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Myers L, Vaidya-Mathur U, Lancman M. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Jan;66:86-92. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.10.019. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
PMID:28038392 - A multicenter evaluation of a brief manualized psychoeducation intervention for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures delivered by health professionals with limited experience in psychological treatment.
Wiseman H, Mousa S, Howlett S, Reuber M. Epilepsy Behav. 2016 Oct;63:50-56. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.07.033. Epub 2016 Aug 24. PMID: 27565438 - Multicenter pilot treatment trial for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a randomized clinical trial.
LaFrance WC Jr, Baird GL, Barry JJ, Blum AS, Frank Webb A, Keitner GI, Machan JT, Miller I, Szaflarski JP; NES Treatment Trial (NEST-T) Consortium. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014 Sep;71(9):997-1005. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.817. PMID: 24989152 - A feasibility study of a brief psycho-educational intervention for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Mayor R, Brown RJ, Cock H, House A, Howlett S, Smith P, Reuber M.
Seizure. 2013 Nov;22(9):760-5. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2013.06.008. Epub 2013 Aug 2. PMID: 23916276 - Recent progress in the understanding and treatment of nonepileptic seizures.
Reuber M, Mayor R. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2012 May;25(3):244-50. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e3283523db6. Review.
PMID: 22449769 - Understanding patient perceptions following a psycho-educational intervention for psychogenicnon-epileptic seizures.
Baxter S, Mayor R, Baird W, Brown R, Cock H, Howlett S, House A, Messina J, Smith P, Reuber M.
Epilepsy Behav. 2012 Apr;23(4):487-93. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.12.002. Epub 2012 Mar 2. PMID: 22386913 - Cognitive behavioral therapy for psychogenic neurological disorders.
Hopp JL, LaFrance WC Jr. Neurologist. 2012 Nov;18(6):364-72. doi: 10.1097/NRL.0b013e31826e8ff5. Review. PMID: 23114668 - Pilot pharmacologic randomized controlled trial for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Keitner GI, Papandonatos GD, Blum AS, Machan JT, Ryan CE, Miller IW.
Neurology. 2010 Sep 28;75(13):1166-73. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181f4d5a9. Epub 2010 Aug 25. PMID: 20739647 - Long-term outcome of brief augmented psychodynamic interpersonal therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: seizure control and health care utilization.
Mayor R, Howlett S, Grünewald R, Reuber M.
Epilepsia. 2010 Jul;51(7):1169-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02656.x. Epub 2010 Jun 18. PMID:20561022 - Cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a pilot RCT.
Goldstein LH, Chalder T, Chigwedere C, Khondoker MR, Moriarty J, Toone BK, Mellers JD.
Neurology. 2010 Jun 15;74(24):1986-94. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181e39658. PMID: 20548043 - Cognitive behavioral therapy for psychogenic movement disorder.
LaFrance WC Jr, Friedman JH. Mov Disord. 2009 Sep 15;24(12):1856-7. doi: 10.1002/mds.22683. No abstract available. Erratum in: Mov Disord. 2010 Oct 15;25(13):2268. PMID: 19562779 - Cognitive behavioral therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Miller IW, Ryan CE, Blum AS, Solomon DA, Kelley JE, Keitner GI. Epilepsy Behav. 2009 Apr;14(4):591-6. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.02.016. Epub 2009 Feb 20. PMID: 19233313 - Methodological issues in conducting treatment trials for psychological nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Blum AS, Miller IW, Ryan CE, Keitner GI. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2007 Fall;19(4):391-8. PMID: 18070841 - Nonepileptic seizures treatment workshop summary.
LaFrance WC Jr, Alper K, Babcock D, Barry JJ, Benbadis S, Caplan R, Gates J, Jacobs M, Kanner A, Martin R, Rundhaugen L, Stewart R, Vert C; NES Treatment Workshop participants. Epilepsy Behav. 2006 May;8(3):451-61. Epub 2006 Mar 15. PMID: 16540377 - Update on treatments of psychological nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Barry JJ. Epilepsy Behav. 2005 Nov;7(3):364-74. Epub 2005 Sep 16. Review. PMID: 16150653 - The treatment of nonepileptic seizures: historical perspectives and future directions.
LaFrance WC Jr, Devinsky O. Epilepsia. 2004;45 Suppl 2:15-21. Review. PMID: 15186340 - Treatment for Psychological Non-epileptic Seizures. Epilepsy and Behavior, 587-592.
Zaroff C; Myers L; Barr W; Luciano D; Devinsky O. (2004). Group Psychoeducation as - The Successful Treatment of Psychogenic/non-epileptic seizures using a disorder specific treatment modality: A case study.
Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention Journal, Vol. 4, No. 1. Myers L & Zaroff C (2004) - Treatment of nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Devinsky O. Epilepsy Behav. 2002 Oct;3(5 Suppl):19-23. PMID: 12609316 - There NEADS to Be Another Way: Treating Non-epileptic Attack Disorder Using Hypnotherapy
Jerry Knight - Firefighter With Co-Morbid Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Treated With Prolonged Exposure Therapy: Long-Term Follow-Up
Lorna Myers, Robert Trobliger, Shanneen Goszulak - Using Evidence-based psychotherapy to tailor treatment for patients with FND
Lorna Myers, Mercedes Sarudiansky, Guido Pablo Korman - Shame in the treatment of patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: The elephant in the room
Lorna Myers, Cordelia Gray, Nicole Roberts, Liat Levita, Markus Reuber - Using evidence-based psychotherapy to tailor treatment for patients with functional neurological disorders
Lorna Myers, Mercedes Sarudiansky, Guido Korman, Gaston Baslet - Long-term outcome of brief augmented psychodynamic interpersonal therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: seizure control and health care utilization
Rebecca Mayor, Stephanie Howlett, Richard Grünewald, Markus Reuber - Sustained improvement with mindfulness-based therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures
Baslet, Ridlon, Raynor, Gonsalvez, Dworetzky - Functional Neurological Disorder (FND): Can Hypnosis help?
Jerry Knight
12- Management of PNES and Professional education
- Dissociative (non-epileptic) seizures: tackling common challenges after the diagnosis.
Reuber M. Pract Neurol. 2019 Mar 16. pii: practneurol-2018-002177. doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2018-002177. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 30878972 - Perceptions in PNES: A Bidirectional Problem.
Dworetzky B. Epilepsy Curr. 2019 Jan;19(1):31-32. doi: 10.1177/1535759718823798. Epub 2019 Jan 30. PMID: 30838923 - PNES around the world: Where we are now and how we can close the diagnosis and treatment gaps-an ILAE PNES Task Force report.
Kanemoto K, LaFrance WC Jr., Duncan R, Gigineishvili D, Park SP, Tadokoro Y, Ikeda H, Paul R, Zhou D, Taniguchi G, Kerr M, Oshima T, Jin K, Reuber M. Epilepsia Open. 2017 Jun 23;2(3):307-316. doi: 10.1002/epi4.12060. eCollection 2017 Sep. PMID: 29588959 - Reply to “Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: We know what they are not. But do we know what they are?”
Altalib HH, Elzamzamy K, Pugh MJ, Gonzalez JB, Cheung KH, Fenton BT, Kerns RD, Brandt CA, LaFrance WC. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Apr;69:226. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.11.019. Epub 2017 Apr 7. No abstract available. PMID: 28392049 - Cross-sectional study of the hospital management of adult patients with a suspected seizure (EPIC2).
Dickson JM, Dudhill H, Shewan J, Mason S, Grünewald RA, Reuber M.
BMJ Open. 2017 Jul 13;7(7):e015696. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015696. PMID: 28706099 - Psychogenic seizures and medical humor: Jokes as a damaging defense.
Tolchin B, Baslet G, Dworetzky B.
Epilepsy Behav. 2016 Nov;64(Pt A):26-28. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.09.016. Epub 2016 Oct 8. PMID: 27728900 - Psychogenic symptoms are not only for the epileptologist: All physicians be aware!
Benbadis SR, Sutton R. Neurology. 2015 Dec 8;85(23):2000-1. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002183. Epub 2015 Nov 11. No abstract available. PMID: 26561291 - A clinically oriented perspective on psychogenic nonepileptic seizure-related emergencies.
Dworetzky BA, Weisholtz DS, Perez DL, Baslet G. Clin EEG Neurosci. 2015 Jan;46(1):26-33. doi: 10.1177/1550059414566880. Review.
PMID:25780265 - Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a new direction.
Baslet G, Dworetzky BA, Perez DL. Clin EEG Neurosci. 2015 Jan;46(1):3. doi: 10.1177/1550059414564521. No abstract available. PMID: 25780263 - Providers’ perspectives on treating psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: frustration and hope.
McMillan KK, Pugh MJ, Hamid H, Salinsky M, Pugh J, Noël PH, Finley EP, Leykum LK, Lanham HJ, LaFrance WC Jr. Epilepsy Behav. 2014 Aug;37:276-81. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.07.001. Epub 2014 Aug 13. PMID: 25128685 - Neglected patients, few treatments, and minimal evidence: the updated cochrane review on psychological and behavioral treatments for nonepileptic seizures.
Dworetzky BA. Epilepsy Curr. 2014 Nov-Dec;14(6):329-31. doi: 10.5698/1535-7597-14.6.329. No abstract available.
PMID: 25678863 - Management of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Reuber M, Goldstein LH. Epilepsia. 2013 Mar;54 Suppl 1:53-67. doi: 10.1111/epi.12106. Review. PMID: 23458467 - Mental Health Organizations and the ostrich policy
Benbadis S (2013) Neuropsychiatry.1(1): 5-7. - Conversion disorder: current problems and potential solutions for DSM-5.
Stone J, LaFrance WC Jr, Brown R, Spiegel D, Levenson JL, Sharpe M. J Psychosom Res. 2011 Dec;71(6):369-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2011.07.005. Epub 2011 Sep 17. Review. PMID: 22118377 - Issues for DSM-5: Conversion disorder.
Stone J, LaFrance WC Jr, Levenson JL, Sharpe M. Am J Psychiatry. 2010 Jun;167(6):626-7. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09101440. No abstract available. PMID: 20516161 - Psychogenic disorders: the need to speak plainly.
Friedman JH, LaFrance WC Jr. Arch Neurol. 2010 Jun;67(6):753-5. doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2010.91. No abstract available. PMID: 20558396 - What is “treatment as usual” for nonepileptic seizures?
LaFrance WC Jr, Rusch MD, Machan JT. Epilepsy Behav. 2008 Apr;12(3):388-94. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2007.12.017. Epub 2008 Feb 20. PMID: 18282812 - Avoiding the costs of unrecognized psychological nonepileptic seizures.
LaFrance WC Jr, Benbadis SR. Neurology. 2006 Jun 13;66(11):1620-1. No abstract available. PMID: 16769930 - The problem of psychogenic symptoms: is the psychiatric community in denial?
Benbadis SR. Epilepsy Behav. 2005 Feb;6(1):9-14. Review. PMID: 15652726 - Should patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures be allowed to drive?
Benbadis SR, Blustein JN, Sunstad L. Epilepsia. 2000 Jul;41(7):895-7. PMID: 10897163 - Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES) Who Request Reinstatement of Their Driving Privileges
R Trobliger, K Lancman, T Simpson, L Kramska (2024)
13- Functional neurological disorders (including PNES)
- Emotional processing in functional neurological disorder: a review, biopsychosocial model and research agenda.
Pick S, Goldstein LH, Perez DL, Nicholson TR.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2018 Nov 19 - Corticolimbic structural alterations linked to health status and trait anxiety in functional neurological disorder.
Perez DL, Williams B, Matin N, LaFrance WC Jr, Costumero-Ramos V, Fricchione GL, Sepulcre J, Keshavan MS, Dickerson BC. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017 Dec;88(12):1052-1059 - You’ve made the diagnosis of functional neurological disorder: now what?
Adams C, Anderson J, Madva EN, LaFrance WC Jr, Perez DL.
Pract Neurol. 2018 May 15. pii: practneurol-2017-001835. doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2017-001835. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 29764988 - Individual differences in corticolimbic structural profiles linked to insecure attachment and coping styles in motor functional neurological disorders.
Williams B, Jalilianhasanpour R, Matin N, Fricchione GL, Sepulcre J, Keshavan MS, LaFrance WC Jr, Dickerson BC, Perez DL.
J Psychiatr Res. 2018 Apr 6;102:230-237. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.04.006. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 29702433 - Resilience linked to personality dimensions, alexithymia and affective symptoms in motor functional neurological disorders.
Jalilianhasanpour R, Williams B, Gilman I, Burke MJ, Glass S, Fricchione GL, Keshavan MS, LaFrance WC Jr, Perez DL.
J Psychosom Res. 2018 Apr;107:55-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.02.005. Epub 2018 Feb 13. PMID: 29502765 - Anterior hippocampal grey matter predicts mental health outcome in functional neurological disorders: an exploratory pilot study.
Perez DL, Williams B, Matin N, Mello J, Dickerson BC, LaFrance WC Jr, Keshavan MS.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2018 Jan 11. pii: jnnp-2017-317305. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-317305. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available. PMID:29326291 - Cortical thickness alterations linked to somatoform and psychological dissociation in functional neurological disorders.
Perez DL, Matin N, Williams B, Tanev K, Makris N, LaFrance WC Jr, Dickerson BC.
Hum Brain Mapp. 2018 Jan;39(1):428-439. doi: 10.1002/hbm.23853. Epub 2017 Oct 28. PMID: 29080235 - Personality traits in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) and psychogenic movement disorder (PMD): Neuroticism and perfectionism.
Ekanayake V, Kranick S, LaFaver K, Naz A, Frank Webb A, LaFrance WC Jr, Hallett M, Voon V. J Psychosom Res. 2017 Jun;97:23-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.03.018. Epub 2017 Mar 27. PMID: 28606495 - Corticolimbic structural alterations linked to health status and trait anxiety in functional neurological disorder.
Perez DL, Williams B, Matin N, LaFrance WC Jr, Costumero-Ramos V, Fricchione GL, Sepulcre J, Keshavan MS, Dickerson BC.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017 Dec;88(12):1052-1059. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-316359. Epub 2017 Aug 26. PMID: 28844071 - Neuropsychiatric Associations With Gender, Illness Duration, Work Disability, and Motor Subtype in a U.S. Functional Neurological Disorders Clinic Population.
Matin N, Young SS, Williams B, LaFrance WC Jr, King JN, Caplan D, Chemali Z, Weilburg JB, Dickerson BC, Perez DL.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2017 Fall;29(4):375-382. doi: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.16110302. Epub 2017 Apr 28. PMID: 28449634 - Cingulo-insular structural alterations associated with psychogenic symptoms, childhood abuse and PTSD in functional neurological disorders.
Perez DL, Matin N, Barsky A, Costumero-Ramos V, Makaretz SJ, Young SS, Sepulcre J, LaFrance WC Jr, Keshavan MS, Dickerson BC.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017 Jun;88(6):491-497. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-314998. Epub 2017 Apr 17. Erratum in: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017 Dec;88(12 ):1098. PMID: 28416565 - Functional Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology of Functional Neurological Disorders (Conversion Disorder).
Voon V, Cavanna AE, Coburn K, Sampson S, Reeve A, LaFrance WC Jr; (On behalf of the American Neuropsychiatric Association Committee for Research).
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2016 Summer;28(3):168-90. doi: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.14090217. Epub 2016 Feb 22. Review. PMID: 26900733 - Functional Vision Disorder.
Egan RA, LaFrance WC Jr. Semin Neurol. 2015 Oct;35(5):557-63. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1563580. Epub 2015 Oct 6. Review. PMID: 26444401 - Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and psychogenic movement disorders: two sides of the same coin?
Paola LD, Marchetti RL, Teive HA, LaFrance WC Jr. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2014 Oct;72(10):793-802. Review. PMID: 25337733 - Psychogenic pseudostroke.
Behrouz R, Benbadis SR. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014 Apr;23(4):e243-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2013.11.010. Epub 2014 Jan 16. Review. PMID: 24439129 - Emotional stimuli and motor conversion disorder.
Voon V, Brezing C, Gallea C, Ameli R, Roelofs K, LaFrance WC Jr, Hallett M. Brain. 2010 May;133(Pt 5):1526-36. doi: 10.1093/brain/awq054. Epub 2010 Apr 5. PMID: 20371508 - Explaining functional disorders in the neurology clinic: a photo story.
Carson A, Lehn A, Ludwig L, Stone J.
Pract Neurol. 2016 Feb;16(1):56-61 - Treating patients with functional symptoms: one size does not fit all.
LaFrance WC Jr. J Psychosom Res. 2007 Dec;63(6):633-5. No abstract available. PMID: 18061754 - Outcome measurement in functional neurological disorder: a systematic review and recommendations
Susannah Pick, David G Anderson, Ali A Asadi-Pooya, Selma Aybek , Gaston Baslet, Bastiaan R Bloem, Abigail Bradley-Westguard, Richard J Brown, Alan J Carson, Trudie Chalder, Maria Damianova, Anthony S David, Mark J Edwards, Steven A Epstein, Alberto J Espay, Béatrice Garcin, Laura H Goldstein, Mark Hallett, Joseph Jankovic, Eileen M Joyce, Richard A Kanaan, Roxanne C Keynejad, Kasia Kozlowska, Kathrin LaFaver, W Curt LaFrance Jr, Anthony E Lang, Alex Lehn, Sarah Lidstone, Carine W Maurer, Bridget Mildon, Francesca Morgante, Lorna Myers, Clare Nicholson, Glenn Nielsen, David L Perez, Stoyan Popkirov, Markus Reuber, Karen S Rommelfanger, Petra Schwingenshuh, Tereza Serranova, Paul Shotbolt, Glenn T Stebbins, Jon Stone, Marina Aj Tijssen, Michele Tinazzi, Timothy R Nicholson - Outcome Measures for Functional Neurological Disorder: A Review of the Theoretical Complexities
Timothy R Nicholson, Alan Carson, Mark J Edwards, Laura H Goldstein, Mark Hallett, Bridget Mildon, Glenn Nielsen, Clare Nicholson, David L Perez, Susannah Pick, Jon Stone, and the FND-COM (Functional Neurological Disorders Core Outcome Measures) Group; FND-COM group collaborators - Stigma and FND: A Research Agenda Targeting the Clinical Encounter
Katherine E MacDuffie, Lindsey Grubbs, Tammyjo Best, Suzette LaRoche, Bridget Mildon, Lorna Myers, Elizabeth Stafford, Karen S Rommelfanger - Functional neurological disorder: Engaging patients in treatment
Mary A O’Neal, Barbara A Dworetzky, Gaston Baslet - Neurostimulation for the treatment of functional neurological disorder: A systematic review
Gonsalvez, Spagnolo, Dworetzky, Baslet - Functional Neurologic Disorders: The Need for a Model of Care
O’Neal, Baslet, Polich, Raynor, Dworetzky
14- International Studies
- Long-term outcome in a sample of underprivileged patients with psychogenic nonepilepticseizures (PNES) living in Argentina.
Korman GP, Sarudiansky M, Lanzillotti AI, Areco Pico MM, Tenreyro C, Valdez Paolasini G, D’Alessio L, Scevola L, Kochen S, Myers L. Epilepsy Behav. 2019 Apr 5;94:183-188. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.03.005. [Epub ahead of print] PMID:30965202 - Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in children and adolescents: An international cross-cultural study.
Asadi-Pooya AA, AlBaradie R, Sawchuk T, Bahrami Z, Al Amer A, Buchhalter J.
Epilepsy Behav. 2019 Jan;90:90-92. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.11.005. Epub 2018 Dec 2. PMID: 30517909 - Experience of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in the Canadian league against epilepsy: A survey describing current practices by neurologists and epileptologists.
Carter A, Denton A, Ladino LD, Hassan I, Sawchuk T, Snyder T, Vrbancic M, Reuber M, Huntsman R, Tellez-Zenteno JF; PNES Canada Group. Seizure. 2018 Oct;61:227-233. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.08.025. Epub 2018 Sep 2. PMID: 30227342 - Diagnostic and treatment practices for psychogenic nonepileptic and epileptic seizures in Namibia.
du Toit A, Pretorius C. Epilepsy Behav. 2018 Jun;83:92-102. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.03.005. Epub 2018 Apr 14. PMID: 29665572 - PNES around the world: Where we are now and how we can close the diagnosis and treatment gaps-an ILAE PNES Task Force report.
Kanemoto K, LaFrance WC Jr, Duncan R, Gigineishvili D, Park SP, Tadokoro Y, Ikeda H, Paul R, Zhou D, Taniguchi G, Kerr M, Oshima T, Jin K, Reuber M. Epilepsia Open. 2017 Jun 23;2(3):307-316. doi: 10.1002/epi4.12060. eCollection 2017 Sep. Erratum in: Epilepsia Open. 2019 Jan 07;4(1):219. PMID: 29588959 - Diagnostic and treatment services for patients with Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures (PNES): A survey of health professionals in urban China.
Tong X, An D, Reuber M, Zhang Q, Zhou D.
Seizure. 2018 Mar;56:78-87. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.01.017. Epub 2018 Jan 31. PMID: 29454194 - Access to diagnostic and therapeutic facilities for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: An international survey by the ILAE PNES Task Force.
Hingray C, El-Hage W, Duncan R, Gigineishvili D, Kanemoto K, LaFrance WC Jr, de Marinis A, Paul R, Pretorius C, Téllez-Zenteno JF, Wiseman H, Reuber M.
Epilepsia. 2018 Jan;59(1):203-214. doi: 10.1111/epi.13952. Epub 2017 Nov 20. Erratum in: Epilepsia. 2018 Feb;59(2):507. PMID: 29152734 - What patients think about psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in Buenos Aires, Argentina: A qualitative approach.
Sarudiansky M, Lanzillotti AI, Areco Pico MM, Tenreyro C, Scévola L, Kochen S, D’Alessio L, Korman GP. Seizure. 2017 Oct;51:14-21. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.07.004. Epub 2017 Jul 20. PMID: 28755568 - Semiology of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: An international cross-cultural study.
Asadi-Pooya AA, Valente K, Alessi R, Tinker J. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Oct;75:210-212. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.08.016. Epub 2017 Aug 31. PMID: 28865883 - Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: Namibian healthcare providers’ perceptions and frustrations.
du Toit A, Pretorius C.Seizure. 2017 Aug;50:43-52. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.06.004. Epub 2017 Jun 9. Erratum in: Seizure. 2017 Nov;52:206. PMID: 28618331 - Psychiatric disorders in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and drug-resistant epilepsy: a study of an Argentine population.
Scévola L, Teitelbaum J, Oddo S, Centurión E, Loidl CF, Kochen S, D Alessio L. Epilepsy Behav. 2013 Oct;29(1):155-60. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.07.012. Epub 2013 Aug 20. PMID: 23969203 - Semiology of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: age-related differences.
Alessi R, Vincentiis S, Rzezak P, Valente KD. Epilepsy Behav. 2013 May;27(2):292-5. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.02.003. Epub 2013 Mar 17. PMID: 23507305 - Emotional trauma and abuse in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Proença IC, Castro LH, Jorge CL, Marchetti RL. Epilepsy Behav. 2011 Feb;20(2):331-3. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.11.015. PMID: 21315658 - Diagnostic and treatment services for patients with Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures (PNES): A survey of health professionals in urban China.
Tong X, An D, Reuber M, Zhang Q, Zhou D. Seizure. 2018 Mar;56:78-87. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.01.017. Epub 2018 Jan 31. PMID: 29454194 - Standard medical care for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in Brazil.
Valente KD, Rzezak P, LaFrance WC Jr. Epilepsy Behav. 2015 Apr;45:128-35. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.02.032. Epub 2015 Mar 21. PMID: 25800126 - Comparing standard medical care for nonepileptic seizures in Chile and the United States.
LaFrance WC Jr, de Marinis AJ, Webb AF, Machan JT, Rusch MD, Kanner AM. Epilepsy Behav. 2012 Oct;25(2):224-9. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.07.028. Epub 2012 Sep 30. PMID: 23032137 - Pediatric-onset psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A retrospective international multicenter study.
Asadi-Pooya AA, Myers L, Valente K, Sawchuk T, Restrepo AD, Homayoun M, Buchhalter J, Bahrami Z, Taha F, Lazar LM, Paytan AA, D’ Alessio L, Kochen S, Alessi R, Pick S, Nicholson TR. - Report on a psychoeducational intervention for psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in Argentina
Mercedes Sarudiansky, Guido Pablo Korman, Alejandra Inés Lanzillottia, María Marta Areco Pico, Cristina Tenreyro, Gabriela Valdez Paolasini, Camila Wolfzun, Silvia Kochen, Luciana D’Alessio, Lorna Myers - Maladaptive Emotional Regulation in Patients Diagnosed With Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES) Compared With Healthy Volunteers
Lenka Krámská, Lucia Hrešková, Zdeněk Vojtěch, David Krámský, Lorna Myers - Diagnostic utility of the Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory-2 in patients diagnosed with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in the Czech Republic
Lenka Krámská, Lorna Myers, Lucia Hrešková, David Krámský, Zdeněk Vojtěch - A descriptive study of patients diagnosed with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures at a tertiary epilepsy center in the Czech Republic: One-year follow-up
Lenka Krámská, Lorna Myers, Lucia Hrešková, Martin Jerie, Zdeněk Vojtěch - Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in Latin America: A survey describing current practices
Lady Diana Ladino, Vanessa Benjumea-Cuartas, Yamile Calle-López, Juan Pablo Orozco-Hernández, Diana Marcela Castrillón-Velilla, Reydmar López-González, Anilu Daza-Restrepo, Mario Alberto Genel Castillo, Markus Reuber, Alyssa Denton, José F Tellez-Zenteno - Neuropsychological performance and effort in patients diagnosed with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures -Descriptive study of a Czech sample
Kramska, Myers, Hreskova, Kramsky, Chval, Vojtec
- Long-term outcome in a sample of underprivileged patients with psychogenic nonepilepticseizures (PNES) living in Argentina.